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What do they mean?

ADR - Automated Dialogue replacement 
Recorded dialogues with high levels of background noise or any other type of problems       must be re-record using a process called ADR.
The actor/actress watches the image repeatedly while listening to the original dialogue recorded on headphone as a guide. She/he then re-performs each line to match the words and lip movements.

Foleys
Foley is the art of recording sound effects that are missing in a specific scene of the production such as steps, door handle, the rustling of clothing and others.
The Foley technique was named after Jack Foley, a sound editor at Universal Studios.

A good foley artist basically becomes the actor in certain scenes for the sounds to be realistic and convincing.

The foley crew normally involves the artist or “walker” who makes the sound and a technician who records the sound.


    Walking surface for the production of all types of footsteps



Room Tone
A location’s “aural fingerprint”, room tone is the natural sound of a room without the interference of any other sound.

A microphone placed in two different empty rooms will produce different room tones for each.
Room tone is recorded during production sound recording and is used to match and fill the production sound track to provide a continuous sound background.

Diegetic Sound
Sound whose source is visible on the screen or whose source is implied to be present by the action of the film:
•Voices of characters
•Sounds made by objects in the story
•Music coming from instruments in the story

Diegetic is any sound originated from source within the film’s world and it can be:
•On screen -  when the source that produces the sound is seen
•Off screen -  when the source that produces the sound is not seen

Non-diegetic sound
Sound whose source is neither visible on the screen nor has been implied to be present in action:
•Narration
•Sound effects added for more drama
•Mood music

Non-diegetic sound  comes from a source outside story space.

Establishing sound
Sound that establishes the character of the surroundings from the very beginning of a scene.
Establishing sound is usually removed or regularly reduced in volume during dialogues but may return as reestablishing sound.

•Traffic sound
•People cheering in a stadium
•Sound of people dinning in a restaurant

Sound Motif
A sound effect or combination of sounds that are associated with a particular character, setting, situation or idea through the film.
The sound motifs condition the audience emotionally for the intervention, arrival or actions of a particular character.
The use of sound motifs can help shape a story that requires many characters and locations and so it helps unify the film and sustain its narrative and thematic development.

Soundtrack Music
Music of a specific scene or character made specially for it or already recorded by a pop group or singer.
Music helps to dictate the emotion of a scene and can be only in one part or throughout  the film.

Reverses
In the broadcast world of TV reverses are the interviewer’s recorded questions.
Interviews are normally shot with only one camera, the camera person records first the interviewee answering all the questions. Once the interview is finished the camera person then records the interviewer asking the questions (reverses).
Later at the station the video editor will edit the images intercalating them making sure it looks and sounds like it was shot with two cameras.

Wild track
Wild track is sound recorded separately to be synchronized later in the film or video.
It can be recordings of dialogues (extra lines) or atmos sound when the camera is not rolling any more.

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